1. Discuss attribute semantics as an informal measure of goodness for a relation schema. 
2. Discuss insertion, deletion, and modification anomalies. Why are they considered bad? Illustrate with examples.
3. Define fourth normal form. When is it violated? When is it typically applicable?
4. Define join dependency and fifth normal form.
5. Why is 5NF also called project-join normal form (PJNF)?
6. Why do practical database designs typically aim for BCNF and not aim for higher normal forms?