Ahorizontal pipe is fitted with a nozzle. the inlet diameter of the nozzle is 40 mm and the outlet diameter is 20 mm. the flow rate in the pipe is 1.2 m3 /min and water density is 1000 kg/m3 . determine the force exerted by the nozzle on the water.

969.68N

Explanation:

d₁=0.04 m      A₁=

d₂=0.02 m      A₂=

Q=1.2m³/min        Q=1.2/60=0.02m³/s

using continuity equation

Q₁=A₁v₁

v₁=Q₁/A₁=0.02/0.00125=16m/s

Q₂=A₂v₂

v₂=Q₂/A₂=0.02/0.00031=64.5m/s

Force on the nozzle=F_{outlet}-F_{inlet}

= 1289.68-320

=969.68N

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