Atie rod used to pull a trailer with a truck is estimated to carry a steady load of 50,000 n. it is shaped as a rod of circular cross section with a diameter of 40 mm. the design needs a factor of safety of 2.5, while yielding is the failure criterion. select a suitable material for the tie rod from the table of aisi steels, knowing that the stronger the material, the more expensive it is to purchase and process it.

Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)