Arigid tank whose volume is 0.5 m3, initially containing ammonia at 20°c, 1.5 bar, is connected by a valve to a large supply line carrying ammonia at 12 bar, 200°c. the valve is opened only as long as required to fill the tank with additional ammonia, bringing the total mass of ammonia in the tank to 143.4 kg. finally, the tank holds a two-phase liquid–vapor mixture at 20°c.

determine the heat transfer to the ammonia in the tank from the surroundings, in kj, ignoring kinetic and potential energy effects.

qc. v = ?