Aprojectile-like object with maximum diameter of 20 cm is placed at the exit of a 25-cm-diameter pipe. water flows through the pipe. at the upstream location 1, the velocity is uniform and equal to 2 m/s. the water exits to the atmosphere where the pressure is 100 kpa. find the force required to hold the object in place. be sure to state your assumptions. be explicit in defining your control volume - remember that the cv must be defined so that an external force can be defined. (see additional documentation regarding the choice of a control volume. for extra credit, show that the analyses from the two cv's are consistent with each other; i. e., show that the force on the projectile is the integrated pressure over its surface, as would be expected.)

Refrigerant 134a enters an insulated compressor operating at steady state as saturated vapor at -26°c with a volumetric flow rate of 0.18 m3/s. refrigerant exits at 9 bar, 70°c. changes in kinetic and potential energy from inlet to exit can be ignored. determine the volumetric flow rate at the exit, in m3/s, and the compressor power, in kw.

Steam in a heating system flows through tubes whose outer radius is 2.5 cm and whose walls are maintained at a temperature of 180 °c . circular aluminum alloy 2024-t6 fins ( k= 186 wm. k) of outer radius 3 cm and constant thickness 1 mm are attached to the tube. the space between the fins is 3 mm and thus there are 250 fins per meter of tube length. heat is transferred to the surrounding air at too-25 °c, with a heat transfer coefficient of 40 w/m2. k. manufacturer a claims that this system is rated at 3.5 kw per meter of tube length. if the fins are an integral part of the steam tube, find the heat transfer rate in kw for a 1-m length of tube. is manufacturer a's claim valid? compare the heat transfer rate from 1 meter of tube length if there are no fins.

Derive the 2-d finite difference equation for a uniform grid for a node: a) at a plane surface with a uniform heat flux b) at an internal corner with convection