Two previously undeformed specimens of the same metal are to be plaastically deformed by reducing their cross sectional areas. one has a circular cross section, and the other is rectangular. during deformation the circular cross section is to remain circular, and the rectangular is to remain rectangular.
their original and deformed dimensions are given in the following table:

which of the two specimens will be the hardest after plastic deformation, and why?

Afour cylinder four-stroke in-line engine has a stroke of 160mm, connecting rod length of 150mm, a reciprocating mass of 3kg and its firing order is 1-3-4-2. the spacing between cylinders is 100mm. i. show that the engine is in balance with regard to the primary inertia forces and primary 3. a and secondary inertia couples. li determine the out of balance secondary inertia force ii. propose ways of balancing this out of balance force and discuss the challenges that will arise

Aplate clutch has a single pair of mating friction surfaces 250-mm od by 175-mm id. the mean value of the coefficient of friction is 0.30, and the actuating force is 4 kn. a) find the maximum pressure and the torque capacity using the uniform-wear model. b) find the maximum pressure and the torque capacity using the uniform-pressure model.

Manometers are good examples of measuring instruments, nowadays they are not as common as before. a)-capacitive probe gauges b)-gravitational gauges deformation ) gauges d)-digital gauges