It is given that v c l i p = − 1.3 v vclip=−1.3 v (note the negative r = 24 ω r=24 ω, and v o n = 0.84 v von=0.84 v for the diode (assume offset-ideal model). suppose v s vs can take any value from − 18 −18 to 18 v 18 v. what are the maximum and minimum values that v o u t vout might take on?

Asteam is contained in a rigid tank with a volume of 1 m3. initially, the pressure and temperature are 7 bar and 500 oc, respectively. the temperature drops due to cooling process. determine: (1) the temperature at which condensation begins in °c, (2) the fraction of the total mass that has condensed when the pressure decreased to 0.5 bar. (3) the volume in m3 occupied by saturated liquid at the final state?