Answer the following questions about tempering. What happens to the microstructure during tempering? How does the mechanical properties of the steel change due to tempering? How do you perform tempering? What type of steel is usually tempered?

Water flows at the rate of 200 i/s upwards through a tapered vertical pipe. the diameter at marks(3) clo5) the bottom is 240 mm and at the top 200 mm and the length is 5m. the pressure at the bottom is 8 bar, and the pressure at the topside is 7.3 bar. determine the head loss through the pipe. express it as a function of exit velocity head.