A large plate is fabricated from a steel alloy that has a plane strain fracture toughness of 55 MPa(m)1/2 If, during service use, the plate is exposed to a tensile stress of 200 MPa (29,000 psi), determine the minimum length of a surface crack that will lead to fracture. Assume a value of 1.0 for Y.

Afour cylinder four-stroke in-line engine has a stroke of 160mm, connecting rod length of 150mm, a reciprocating mass of 3kg and its firing order is 1-3-4-2. the spacing between cylinders is 100mm. i. show that the engine is in balance with regard to the primary inertia forces and primary 3. a and secondary inertia couples. li determine the out of balance secondary inertia force ii. propose ways of balancing this out of balance force and discuss the challenges that will arise

Slip occurs via two partial dislocations because of (a) the shorter path of the partial dislocation lines; (b) the lower energy state through partial dislocations; (c) the charge balance.

Ifa component is made of two or more materials with different modulus of elasticity (e), it is called a composite member and we calculate the factor·n". mention the formula for calculating n". also, ifn> 1, explain what will happen to the 1. transformed.gi) ifn 1, what will happen to the material when transformed material when