What is the magnitude of the maximum stress that exists at the tip of an internal crack having a radius of curvature of 3 × 10-4 mm (1.181 × 10-5 in.) and a crack length of 2.5 × 10-2 mm (0.9843 × 10-3 in.) when a tensile stress of 170 MPa (24660 psi) is applied?

Aseries piping system conveys methyl alcohol. the system consists of 70 m of 1- nominal pipe follow by 50 m of 2-nominal pipe, both schedule 40 commercial steel. the 1-nominal pipe contains 3 90° elbows (regular) anda fully open gate valve, all threaded. the pressure drop through the system is 150 kpa. determine the volume flow rate through the system that is horizontally laid.