4. From two permeability tests it is found that the void ratio and hydraulic conductivity of a normally consolidated clay are 1.45 and 0.7x10-7 cm/sec respectively, and 1.55 and 1.55 x 10-7 cm/sec respectively. Estimate the permeability coefficient at a void ratio of 1.5. Use Samarasinghe, Huang and Drenevich relationship

Aturning operation is performed with following conditions: rake angle of 12°, a feed of 0.35 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.1 mm. the work piece is aluminum alloy 6061 with t6 heat treatment (a16061-t6). the resultant chip thickness was measured to be 1.0 mm. estimate the cutting force, fc. use shear stress of 207 mpa and coefficient of friction on the tool face of 0.6.