The lid on a pressure vessel is held down with 10 bolts that pass through the lid and a flange on the pressure vessel (similar to example 8-4, in the text). The bolts are secured with nuts under the flange. There are no washers. The thickness of the lid is 28 mm and the thickness of the flange is 28 mm. The vessel and lid are both made of steel. The vessel is pressurized to 8 MP a, and the area of the lid exposed to the pressure is 31.4e3 mm². The modulus of elasticity is 207 GPa. The chosen bolts are ISO property class 9.8 and are coarse-pitch series, M12.
Find the external load, P, on each bolted joint.

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

What precautions should you take to prevent injuries when dealing with heavy loads?

The flow rate of air through a through a pipe is 0.02 m5/s. a pitot static tube is placed in the flow. the radius of the pitot static tube is 1 mm. assuming the flow to be steady and the air to be at 300k, calculate the difference in total and static pressure if the diameter of the pipe is: (a) d 0.1 m d 0.05 m (c) d 0.01 m