4. A cylindrical pressure vessel having an inside diameter of 100 mm, and a wall thickness of 20 mm is subjected to an internal pressure of 20 MPa. What would be the percentage error in hoop stress, if a thin-wall approximation based on the inside diameter is used?

Refrigerant 134a enters an insulated compressor operating at steady state as saturated vapor at -26°c with a volumetric flow rate of 0.18 m3/s. refrigerant exits at 9 bar, 70°c. changes in kinetic and potential energy from inlet to exit can be ignored. determine the volumetric flow rate at the exit, in m3/s, and the compressor power, in kw.

Draw the engineering stress-strain curve for (a) bcc; (b) fcc metals and mark important points.

Machinery that is a key part of the process and without which the plant or process cannot function is classifed as: (clo4) a)-critical machinery b)-essential machinery c)-general purpose machinery d)-none of the specified options.