g It is desired to measure the characteristic impedance LaTeX: Z_oZ o and propagation constant LaTeX: \gamma\:=\:\alpha\:+\:j\betaγ = α + j β of a lossy line. To this end, a length LaTeX: ll of the line is short-circuited and its input impedance LaTeX: Z_{sc}Z s c is measured. Then, the segment is open-circuited and its input impedance LaTeX: Z_{oc}Z o c is measured. Find mathematical expressions to extract the two unknown quantities LaTeX: Z_oZ o and LaTeX: \gammaγfrom LaTeX: Z_{sc}Z s c and LaTeX: Z_{oc}Z o c.

Liquid flows at steady state at a rate of 2 lb/'s through a pump, which operates to raise the elevation of the liquid 100 ft from control volume inlet to exit. the liquid specific enthalpy at the inlet is 40.09 btu/lb and at the exit is 40.94 btub. the pump requires 3 btu/s of power to operate. if kinetic energy effects are negligible and gravitational acceleration is 32.174 tt/s, the heat transfer rate associated with this steady state process is most closely 1)-2,02 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings 2)-3.98 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 3)-4.96 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 4)-1.04 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings.