Consider the Cessna 150, a small single passenger aircraft. It uses a NACA 2412 airfoil. The 150 has straight, rectangular wings with a chord of 4.75 ft, an aspect ratio of 6.94, and a span efficiency factor of 0.9. If the aircraft is cruising at 7,500 ft with a velocity of 122 mph and weighs 1,600 lbs, calculate the induced drag on the wing.

Aturning operation is performed with following conditions: rake angle of 12°, a feed of 0.35 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.1 mm. the work piece is aluminum alloy 6061 with t6 heat treatment (a16061-t6). the resultant chip thickness was measured to be 1.0 mm. estimate the cutting force, fc. use shear stress of 207 mpa and coefficient of friction on the tool face of 0.6.