A nozzle is attached to the end of a garden hose to increase the exit velocity of the water. Consider a hose with inside diameter of 5/8 in. and a nozzle with exit diameter 1/3 of its entrance diameter. Determine the pressure [psia] at the hose inlet if the volumetric flow rate is 3.5 gpm. Assume steady, incompressible, frictionless flow. The ambient pressure is 14.7 psia.

Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)