write a paragraph on how iron and copper(separately) is manufactured, what it consists of and processes that it went through to be usable in its current form​

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

The higher the astm grain-size number, the coarser the grain is. a)-true b)-false

Which of the following components of a pid controlled accumulates the error over time and responds to system error after the error has been accumulated? a)- proportional b)- derivative c)- integral d)- on/off.