4. In the circuit VREF = 2.5 V, and VIN = 1.5 V. The output voltage is 8+ Vcc
%
H+
VN
Vour
VREF
b- Vec
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언
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(a) 1.5y
(6) 2.5y
(c) Close to positive biasing voltage
(d) Close to negative biasing voltage
Justify your answer with proper explanation​

At 12 noon, the count in a bacteria culture was 400; at 4: 00 pm the count was 1200 let p(t) denote the bacteria cou population growth law. find: (a) an expression for the bacteria count at any time t (b) the bacteria count at 10 am. (c) the time required for the bacteria count to reach 1800.

Draw the engineering stress-strain curve for (a) bcc; (b) fcc metals and mark important points.

Which of the following ziegler nichols tuning methods the response of the controller to a step input should exhibit an s-shaped curve? a)-open loop mode b)-closed loop mode c)-both modes (open & closed) d)-none of the modes (open & closed)