Railroad tracks made of 1025 steel are to be laid during the time of year when the temperature averages 4C (40F). Of a joint space of 5.4 mm (0.210 in.) is allowed between standard rails of length 11.9 m (39 ft), what is the highest possible temperature that can be tolerated without the introduction of thermal stresses

41.5° C

Explanation:

Given data :

1025 steel

Temperature = 4°C

allowed joint space = 5.4 mm

length of rails = 11.9 m

Determine the highest possible temperature

coefficient of thermal expansion ( ∝ ) = 12.1 * 10^-6 /°C

Applying thermal strain ( Δl / l )  = ∝ * ΔT

                                    ( 5.4 * 10^-3 / 11.9 )  = 12.1 * 10^-6 * ( T2 - 4 )

∴  ( T2 - 4 ) =  ( 5.4 * 10^-3 / 11.9 ) / 12.1 * 10^-6

hence : T2 = 41.5°C

oil flow is a highly convective flow compared to water flow at normal temperature and pressure.

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