The relationship between the pressure drop per unit length along a smooth-walled, horizontal microfluidic channel and the variables that affect the pressure drop can be expressed by:

Thermal stresses are developed in a metal when its a) initial temperature is changed b) final temperature is changed c) density is changed d) thermal deformation is prevented e) expansion is prevented f) contraction is prevented

Which of the following ziegler nichols tuning methods the response of the controller to a step input should exhibit an s-shaped curve? a)-open loop mode b)-closed loop mode c)-both modes (open & closed) d)-none of the modes (open & closed)

The process in which the system pressure remain constant is called a)-isobaric b)-isochoric c)-isolated d)-isothermal