Read this sentence: it's time to go to bed because it's bedtime. is this sentence an example of begging the question? why or why not? a. no, because it relies on authority to make its claim. b. no, because it is logically sound. c. yes, because it is directed personally at a target. d. yes, because the claim is the same as its premise.

The correct answer is D. Yes, because the claim is the same as its premise

Explanation:

Begging the question is a type of fallacy, this means the use of incorrect reasoning, in which the premise or argument is not supported but instead a conclusion is taken from the argument itself, this implies in begging the question the premise is assumed to be true and the conclusion derives from it, in this way the premise is used to support itself. In the case of " it's time to go to bed because it's bedtime" the premise is "it's time to go to bed" but there is no argument or reason to support the premise, but the premise itself is assumed as true "because it's bedtime" which leads to the argument and the conclusion being the same. This implies this is a begging question because the claim or conclusion is the same that the premise as the premise is assumed to be true by itself.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)