How does thoreau use ethos in his essay

In the odyssey which is most effective paraphrase of the passage

Which option best characterizes the pardon-seller?

Which situation might occur in a conflict of character versus nature? a. a society disapproves of a character’s behavior. b. a character suffers from a serious illness and eventually dies. c. two characters argue over a difference of opinion. d. a character is unable to decide on his opinion of another character.