(1) the umbrella dates back more than 3,000 years to mesopotamia. (2) that ancient land was located in the middle east. (3) the middle east is a hot and sunny part of the world. (4) royalty there demandedprotection from the sun. (5) people developed the umbrella for this purpose. (6) use of the umbrella as a sunshade then spread to ancient europe. (7) in fact, if you analyze the origin of the word umbrella, you will see that it reflects the umbrella’s original purpose. (8) umbrella comes from the latin wordumbra. (9) umbra means “shade.” (10) eventually, the romans used the umbrella to protect themselves from the rain. (11) they used the umbrella to protect themselves from the sun as well. (12) today, umbrellas are used mainly as raingear. which is the most effective way to combine sentences 8 and 9? a)umbrella comes from the latin word umbra, it means “shade.” b)umbrella, coming from the latin word umbra, meaning “shade.” c)umbrella meaning “shade,” the word umbrella coming from umbra. d)umbrella comes from the latin word umbra, which means “shade.”

The correct answer is D. Umbrella comes from the Latin word umbra, which means “shade.”

Explanation:

Combining two sentences commonly imply linking them by using different punctuation marks or conjunctions or including the information of the sentences being combined in a long and complex sentence. In the case of sentence 8 "Umbrella comes from the Latin word umbra" and sentence 9 "Umbra means “shade” sentence 9 just explains a section of sentence 8 which is the meaning of the Latin word.

Because of this, the correct and more simple way to combine both sentences is by using the pronoun "which" or "that" and then adding the information of sentence 9, as in option D. Therefore "Umbrella comes from the Latin word umbra, which means “shade." is the most effective way to combine the sentences, because in this way the details of both sentences are included and also the word "which" is useful to refer back to the Latin word and explain it without creating an independent sentence.

obama was told in early july 2004 that he was chosen to deliver the address, and he largely wrote the speech himself, with later edits from the kerry presidential campaign.