What do referring words refer to? parts of speech context clues earlier words in a piece of writing adjectives

The correct answer is: Earlier words in a piece of writing.

Explanation:

Referring words, or reference words, are pronouns, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns, that create a connection between ideas and avoid the repetition of certain nouns, in order to increase fluency in a text, or a speech. Being pronouns, and since pronouns are the only way to replace proper nouns, they tend to go at the beginning of sentences, and they establish the connection between the ideas expressed on the sentence with the subject that is being spoken of, or who is realizing an action. Examples of referring words are: That, those, these, is/are, this, for demonstrative pronouns and who, whom, whose, which and what, for interrogative pronouns.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)