What is the definition of scathing? a. to assail with abusive language c. to deter by advice or persuasion b. bitterly severe, as a remark d. the west wind; a mild wind

Why might the author have included the detail about father paul picking up the magazine? 1. it illustrates the constant conflict father paul faces in trying to communicate with leon.2. it establishes father paul as a well-read intellectual.3. it suggests that similar missionary work was causing conflict in other places as well.4. it shows that he was trying to remind himself that he did not agree with the people’s beliefs.(it's 3 )

(1) fire extended humans’ geographical boundaries by allowing them to travel into regions that were previously too cold to explore. (2) it also kept predators away, allowing early humans to sleep securely. (3) fire, in fact, has been a significant factor in human development and progress in many ways. (4) other obvious benefits of fire are its uses in cooking and in hunting. (5) probably even more important, however, is that learning to control fire allowed people to change the very rhythm of their lives. (6) before fire, the human daily cycle coincided with the rising and setting of the sun. (7) with fire, though, humans gained time to think and talk about the day’s events and to prepare strategies for coping with tomorrow. the sentence that expresses the main idea is: (type the number of the sentence. then click “go.”)

What is meant by “eternally burning black pipes”? what is this implying about the personality of the firemen?