Which fragment is made up of a complete predicate

because of the slamming of the lockers and the shouts of the students

with the new books and schedules in hand

could not be heard above the voices in the hallway

the first day of the semester

A complete predicate must start with a verb.  'The first day of the semester' is a complete subject.  It is WHAT the sentence would be about.  "With the new books and schedules in hand" is a prepositional phrase, which simply adds information to a sentence.  "Because of the slamming of the lockers and the shouts of the students" is an introductory clause.  "Could not be heard above the voices in the hallway" is the only complete predicate.

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."

the anwser is went creeping down the river again, across the wide lonely marshes to the sea.

i longed to go with them out into the world to seek my fortune in foreign lands—africa, india, china and peru!

and, dreaming of the lands i had never seen, i'd sit on there, watching till they were out of sight.