Chief joseph's surrender speech, october 5, 1877
by chief joseph
tell general howard i know his heart what he told me before, i have it in my heart. i am tired of fighting. our chiefs are killed; looking glass is dead, ta hool hool
shute is dead. the old men are all dead. it is the young men who say yes or no. he who led on the young men is dead. it is cold, and we have no blankets, the little
children are freezing to death. my people, some of them, have run away to the hills, and have no blankets, no food. no one knows where they are-perhaps freezing
to death i want to have time to look for my children, and see how many of them i can find maybe i shall find them among the dead. hear me, my chiefs! i am tired,
my heart is sick and sad. from where the sun now stands i will fight no more forever.

based on his statements, you can tell that chief joseph
a)believes that general howard is a coward
b)thinks that the young men were wiser than the old men
c)knows his people's elders have kept the war going too long
d)feels that his people's way of life has been shattered by war