Early english literature was written in old english, which is vastly different from modern english. often, these texts are translated into more accessible language for modern readers. when reading these older forms of english, it can be difficult to understand the meaning, even if the language has been modified. in your opinion, what makes this literature so difficult to read? is it the vocabulary, the characters, the type of storytelling, the density of the language, or something else? as you progressed through old english texts to middle english to modern english, how did your understanding of the literature change? can you explain what caused the change?

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

different routes can lead to sammy to different places, with different roads.   if you check a map, you can see the routes.   try to make connections of the places and count how many there are.   hope this : )