An implicit comparison, not introduced with the word "like" or "as," between two things that are essentially different yet have something in common is called:

The correct answer is: Metaphor.

Explanation:

A metaphor is a figue of speech used to create a non-literal comparison between two things. This means that the two objects that are compared are unrelated but still share common characteristics.

Unlike the simile, the metaphor does not use any connectors between the elements that it compares, rather it says that something is something else.

the pronoun reference replaces a noun, but you have to make sure there's no room for confusion.

in the first sentence "her" could be referring to shely or to the sister. the answer there is "shelly called her sister and told her about the new baby."

in the second sentence "it" could be referring to the roof or the floor. the answer there is "since the roof leaks on the family room floor, we need to repair the roof."