Read this excerpt from the riddle of the rosetta stone by james cross giblin.
once they had mastered the three kinds of egyptian writing, nineteenth-century scholars had the key to more than three thousand years of egyptian history. within a few decades, they compiled an accurate list of all the pharaohs who had ruled egypt, from narmer in 3000 b. c. to cleopatra vii in 30 b. c. they discovered long-lost masterpieces of ancient egyptian literature. and, by reading bills of sale, shop inventories, and personal letters, they reconstructed what daily life in ancient egypt was like for everyone from a slave to a king.
which best represents a cause-and-effect relationship from the excerpt?
nineteenth-century scholars went through documents covering more than three thousand years of egyptian history. as a result, they learned about the three types of egyptian writing.
nineteenth-century scholars learned the three types of egyptian writing. as a result, they were able to read ancient egyptian documents and learn about life in ancient egypt.
nineteenth-century scholars discovered long-lost egyptian masterpieces. as a result, they were able to read about the life of cleopatra.
ancient egyptians kept written documents of all aspects of their lives. as a result, nineteenth-century scholars were able to compare their culture to that of the ancient egyptians.

- "he is a very real person and his intent isn't to influence us vonnegut addresses this towards the end of the letter when he says, if we choose to curse, that is by our own individual means."

what: when quoting a source, use the author’s words verbatim, or word-for-word. this means you shouldn’t change any grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc. put quotations around the words to tell your reader where the quote begins and where it ends.

you also need to acknowledge the author. for example, if using mla format for your research paper, you should have in-text citations with the author’s name and page number listed at the end of each quote.

when: use quotations to provide concrete examples to support your claims. using direct quotations is a great way to build your credibility on the subject. it’s also a good idea to quote your source when the author states things in a powerful way. if you think he or she said it best, then use the exact words to share the ideas.

example: in the short story “a jury of her peers”, mrs. hale compares mrs. wright to her caged bird, saying “she—come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself. real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and—fluttery. how—she—did—change” (glaspell).

paraphrasing

what: paraphrasing differs from quoting because you restate the passage in your own words. since you don’t use the author’s words, you don’t need to use quotation marks. however, you still need to acknowledge the author for his or her ideas.

when paraphrasing a text, you should communicate the full meaning of the text; don’t change the meaning. it can be a condensed version of the text, or it could end up being longer than the source it’s paraphrasing.

when: you use paraphrasing when you take notes, or explain a chart or diagram to someone. paraphrasing highlight the important parts of a larger text. it also allows you to simplify the ideas for your readers.

example:

original: “it was no ordinary thing that called her away–it was probably further from ordinary than anything that had ever happened in dickson county. but what her eye took in was that her kitchen was in no shape for leaving: her bread all ready for mixing, half the flour sifted and half unsifted” (glaspell).

paraphrase: as mrs. hales walks around mrs. wright’s home, she notices that the kitchen is in disarray as if she was in the middle of baking bread (glaspell).

your blank of voice often reflects your feelings emotion and thoughts

the correct answer is aesthetics.