1. part a: which statement best expresses
the central idea of the text?
a. people have different dreams for different
reasons, making it difficult for scientists to
answer the question "why do humans dream? "
b.
most of the theories that scientists have about
dreams show their benefits; however, there
are no concrete conclusions for why humans
dream.
c. scientists struggle to understand why people
dream as there is currently no way to see what
goes on in the brain when someone sleeps.
d.
since humans are the only creatures that
dream, scientists believe that dreaming is an
important part of humans' advanced
intelligence.

Read this excerpt from "the light of gandhi's lamp" by hilary kromberg inglis, in which she describes driving to the police station where her sister is being detained. to avoid looking at the blackened windows at the top of the building and thinking about the history of who had died or been tortured there, i always looked instead at the little chinese restaurant on the opposite side of the road. how does this passage affect the text? it conveys, with great subtlety, the conflict she felt over having a sister who would break the law and end up in the custody of the police. it conveys, without any implied moral judgment, that those who fought against apartheid considered themselves to be soldiers in a just war. it conveys, with an extended metaphor, the idea that being detained by the police in this society was regarded as a badge of honor. it conveys, with direct language, the view held by many anti-apartheid activists that the police often acted in brutal and unlawful ways.