According to your textbook, when you prepare speaking notes for your first speech, you should a. make sure the notes can be read at arm's length. b. write out your speech word for word. c. use both sides of your index cards or paper. d. all of the above. e. b and c only.

a. make sure the notes can be read at arm's length

Explanation:

You don't want to sound like you are reading your speech word for word so bullet points are best, using both sides of your index cards would be more confusing and messy. You really want to be able to not have to focus hard on your card, so being able to see them clearly is important

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

b. failure at least that one seems the most negative out of all of the answers provided pls correct me if i'm wrong. : ))