Which of the following sentences contain an infinitive and not an infinitive phrase?

1.josh likes to sing in his car.
2.kelsey turned her car to the left.
3.to fail in any activity is better than not to try at all.
4.the plan is to bake twelve dozen cookies.
5.all of these
6.none of these

1. infinitive phrase

2. not an infinitive phrase

3. infinitive phrase

4. infinitive phrase

5. false

6. false

Explanation:

An infinitive phrase is made up of "to"+ "verb".

Not all the sentences contain infinitive phrases. Only 1, 3 and 4 contain infinitive phrases - sentence 2 does not have any infinitive phrase.

Let's analyze each of them!

1. Josh likes to sing in his car.

"to sing" is an infinitive phrase, because it introduces a verb and it expresses an action.

2. Kelsey turned her car to the left.

"to" is a simple preposition her and it does not introduce any verb, so it does not form an infinitive.

3 + 4

To fail in any activity is better than not to try at all.

The plan is to bake twelve dozen cookies.

Both sentences contain the infinitive phrases in bold, because the preposition "to" introduces a verb.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)