1 i am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

2 five score years ago, a great american, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the emancipation proclamation. this momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. it came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

3 but one hundred years later, the negro still is not free. one hundred years later, the life of the negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. one hundred years later, the negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. one hundred years later, the negro is still languishing in the corners of american society and finds himself an exile in his own land. so we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

4 in a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. when the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the constitution and the declaration of independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every american was to fall heir. this note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

5it is obvious today that america has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. instead of honoring this sacred obligation, america has given the negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." but we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. we refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. so we have come to cash this check — a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. we have also come to this hallowed spot to remind america of the fierce urgency of now. this is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. now is the time to make justice a reality for all of god's children.

read the passage above to answer the following questions:
9)
what does the word defaulted mean in the first sentence of paragraph 5?
a) improved its future
b) fulfilled its destiny
c) celebrated its past history
d) failed to meet its obligations or promises
10)

in a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. when the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the constitution and the declaration of independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every american was to fall heir. this note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
in this portion of his famous speech, what is one way that dr. martin luther king, jr. expresses his message or theme?
a) he uses similes to compare the issues that he mentions in his speech.
b) he uses a metaphor to compare an uncashed check to the promises of america.
c) he uses personification to make the united states of america seem like a real person.
d) he uses hyperbole to exaggerate the lack of freedom and justice in the united states.

11)
in paragraph 3 dr. king metaphorically compares segregation and discrimination to
a) manacles and chains.
b) still sadly crippled.
c) a shameful condition.
d) the life of the negro.

12)
one hundred years later, the negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.

what is the literal meaning of this figurative sentence from the passage?
a) african americans are waiting for someone to rescue them.
b) the ocean of prosperity contains an island for african americans.
c) some african americans live on an island in the middle of the ocean.
d) poverty isolates african americans from the mainstream of american society.

13)
who is the intended audience for this speech?
a) children
b) white men
c) all people
d) negro people