In the book of frankenstein by mary shelley: how does victors statement that "the world was to me a secret which i desired divine" serve as characterization?

In this excerpt from "dover beach" by matthew arnold, which two lines or sets of lines suggest that the speaker has undergone a loss of faith? the sea of faith was once, too, at the full, and round earth's shore lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled. but now i only hear its melancholy, long, withdrawing roar, retreating, to the breath of the night-wind, down the vast edges drear and naked shingles of the world. ah, love, let us be true to one another! for the world, which seems to lie before us like a land of dreams, so various, so beautiful, so new, hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light, nor certitude, nor peace, nor for pain; and we are here as on a darkling plain swept with confused alarms of struggle and flight, where ignorant armies clash by night.

Which of the following best explains why the author chose the compare-and-contrast structure for paragraph 2

"and these i address to all females that would be married, or are already so; not that i suppose their sex more faulty than the other, and most to want advice, for i assure [women], upon my honour, i believe the quite contrary; but the reason is, because i esteem them better disposed to receive and practice it, and therefore am willing to begin, where i may promise myself the best success." this statement from franklin's "rules and maxims for promoting matrimonial happiness" best demonstrates his use of criticism to argue his point his use of common sense to appeal to women his use of flattery to gain women's attention his use of facts to prove his point