Read the passage.

The general had no way out. His men had given all they could in battle but were gaining no ground. To avoid further casualties, he and his men made a courageous retreat out of the line of enemy fire.

What is the meaning of the oxymoron courageous retreat?

The oxymoron conveys the idea that the retreat is a cowardly act.
The oxymoron conveys the idea that the general’s decision to retreat is justified.
The oxymoron emphasizes the idea that the general’s decision is a miscalculation.
The oxymoron emphasizes the idea that the retreat is unwarranted.

a. the man as a ruler

to eliminate ambiguous remote or broad reference it is necessary to focus on anaphoric reference. by definition "anaphoric reference means that a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning." the references should be clear and leave no room for ambiguity.

in the first case the pronoun it probably refers to the car but it has not been mentioned before so we should replace it for the car. in doing so the statement becomes clear.

in sentence number   two   the pronoun he refers to charles dickens the author. yet, the first half of the sentence is about the book a tale of two cities. to repair this it would be better to rephrase the first half : after i read   a tale of two cities by dickens, he so as to remove the remote reference.

c is the final ! :

the grass-plot before the jail, in prison lane, on a certain summer morning, not less than two centuries ago, was occupied by a pretty large number of the inhabitants of boston; all with their eyes intently fastened on the iron-clamped oaken door.

— the scarlet letter,

nathaniel hawthorne

''eyes intently fastened''

''iron-clamped oaken door''

are the answers