Writing produced in the workplace is usually produced in a (6.1 insert adjective formed from layer) manner; the 'lesser' genres of e-mails and memoranda are drawn on in the production of the 'major genres, such as reports. In workplaces a range of earlier texts are drawn (6.2 insert an appropriate preposition) in the production of a new text. In the higher education contexts, students are generally required to produce a piece of business writing without base documents (such as memoranda in the production of a report) and would be expected to create them from scratch. In academic settings, business writing is often (6.3 insert past participle formed from pedagogy) for learning purposes; exercises that may have originated in a workplace are adapted simplified, (6.4 insert a parallel form of standard), and de- contextualised for educational purposes. Samples of standard, de-contextualised documents are often provided in a bound set of notes or in a textbook. Writing (6.5 insert the correct form of the noun course) are often constructed as separate from the practices in which they are intended to prepare students.