Identity the participle phrase. The parrot, having been taught to speak, mimicked everyone

Does anyone know the answer to the question?

Which theme is shared by both text ? a. it is unwise to offend the gods. b. all people deserve to be treated with respect. c. pride and overconfidence can lead to a person's desmise. d. it is important to maintain a positive attitude, even when you lose.

In a data source, such as a spreadsheet, why is it important that top row be the header?