8. bent birches prompt the speaker in “birches” to imagine
a. ice storms
b. a boy has been swinging on them
c. people cutting them down
d. the harshness of nature
9. in “birches,” the author uses the phrase “shed crystal shells” to describe
a. a collection of glass figurine
b. the ice cracking off of the trees
c. the melting of snow on the rocks
d. the shine of seashells glistening on a beach
10. in the haiku by kaga no chiyo, the power of change is attributed to the
a. birds
b. wind
c. willow tree
d. willow moon

The words and phrases that you are being asked about are considered metaphors.

A metaphor happens word or phrase is used on an object that can not actually do the action is being given, it has an underlying meaning.

8. "Bent birches" make reference to how they bend with the weight of the boy swinging on them. B is Correct

9. "Shed crystal shells" is a metaphorical way of comparing crystal with the ice that falls from the trees. B is Correct

10. In the haiku by Kaga No Chiyo,  she considers the effects of nature elements, she attributed the power of change to the wind. B is Correct

3rd person, because the narrator is out of the story but explains the feeling of the main character

they insisted that there was not enough time to learn everything.  

explanation:

if they were going to steal the answers that is simply because they insisted that there was not enough time to learn everything.