How does anecdotal evidence in this passage support the claim that cruelty is a necessary part of leadership

adverb is the answer i believe.

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."

the correct answer can either be a or b because it could be both but you should probally choose b

she is outspoken and direct