What techniques do writers employ to draw a reader's attention to symbols in their stories?

The correct answer is literary devices. 

Writers make use of literary devices such as figures of speech, rhetoric devices and such to draw reader's attention to symbols in their stories. By using these literary devices, the writer can emphasize their themes and the symbols they use. This way, they can communicate what they want to say to the reader better. I hope this answer helped you. 

Ido have a poem that i wrote in my english class if you would like it.