"Nikki Giovanni's real name is Yolande Cornelia. Most poets do not change their name. Why might she have done so? How does using the nom de plume of Nikki Giovanni add to her poetry?"

Explanation:

Her real name - Yolande Cornelia

Her pen name - Nikki Giovanni

(A) Why might Yolande have changed her name to a non de plume?

She might have adopted the nom de plume "Nikki Giovanni" because in her childhood, "Nikki" was her sister's pet name for her. Also, Giovanni was one of her father's names.

(B) How the non de plume adds to her poetry:

- It protects her from political prejudice

- It conceals her identity, to a good extent. She was a powerful writer and she wrote on sensitive topics so the use of a pen name helped continue her poetry, without obstructions from those would want to trace her from the name.

- It serves as a business name for her. A business is an entity on its own. It can sue and be sued. It stands separate from the person or owner

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)