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Read this student’s summary of O. Henry’s “The Last Leaf.”

Sue and Johnsy are artists who live together in New York City. One winter, Johnsy is struck with pneumonia. She makes up her mind to die as soon as the last leaf falls from the ivy plant growing outside her window. As the winter wind blows and the rain falls, Sue helplessly watches her friend’s life ebb away. And there seems no way to stop the last leaf from falling.

In the surprise ending, an old man makes the ultimate sacrifice for Johnsy. Like all the artists in the building, he always hoped to someday paint a masterpiece. One night, he braves the cold and rain to paint a single leaf on the wall outside Johnsy’s window to such perfection that she cannot tell the last leaf has fallen. In time, hope is revived and, with it, Johnsy’s will to live. However, the old man falls sick and soon dies. But he has realized his dream and has painted his masterpiece.

How does the old man’s deed reveal the theme of the story?

A.
It shows that death has no power where there is love.
B.
It shows that something to hope for is essential to happiness.
C.
It shows that success can be measured by the obstacles we overcome.
D.
It shows that our greatest achievement may not be one that brings fame and fortune.

B

Explanation: Its B

Faced with the realities of farming — and his own lack of planning for the winter — Napoleon is forced to deal with a hungry populace and the potentially damaging leaks of such news to the outside world. To surmount these problems, Napoleon metaphorically assumes the role of director and mounts a theatrical production. In terms of this metaphor, Mr. Whymper is the audience whom Napoleon must engage and fool into believing in an illusion, the sheep are actors reciting lines about the rations having been increased, and the empty grain bins filled with sand are the props (or "special effects"). Whymper is fooled into thinking that Animal Farm is running smoothly, and Napoleon again demonstrates his judicious use of deception. (Ironically, this deceptive theatricality is exactly what Squealer later accuses Snowball of having done with Jones at the Battle of the Cowshed.)

More deception occurs in the pernicious lies spread about Snowball. Napoleon uses him as a scapegoat for any of the farm's misfortunes, as Hitler did with European Jews as he rose to power. Both leaders understand the public's desire to cast blame on an outside source for all their troubles. Squealer's claims that the pigs have found "documents" linking Snowball to Jones are an appeal to the animals' need for proof — although the nonexistent documents are never revealed to them on the grounds that the animals are unable to read them. Like the grain-bins filled with sand, Snowball's "documents" are another ruse used by Napoleon to manipulate the thoughts of those who could end his rule. The animals refuse to believe that the thin walls of the windmill contributed to its collapse, revealing the extent to which they subscribe to the Snowball-baiting ideology.

Explanation:

a-he encouraged islamic schools to introduce greek texts.

d-he invited greek scholars to teach their texts to the locals.

explanation:

the transmission of the greek classics to latin western europe during the middle ages was a key factor in the development of intellectual life in western europe.[1] interest in greek texts and their availability was scarce in the latin west during the earlier middle ages, but as traffic to the east increased so did western scholarship.

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