Which of the following choices is the BEST example of a qualified cause / effect claim?
a)
One of the causes associated with drop-out rates at colleges and universities
is that students may lack sufficient financial resources to pay for school in
addition to living expenses.
b) High drop-out rates at colleges and universities are caused by students not
having enough financial resources to pay for school and living expenses.
The cause of high drop-out rates at colleges and universities is student
financial strain.
d)
Students drop out of school because they don't have sufficient financial
resources to pay for school in addition to living expenses.

Read the sentence. the great wave was inexpensive to purchase, costing only about the same as a double of noodles. since lots of copies could be printed and still look good, it made loads of money. which best revises this sentence to create a more formal style and tone? *the great wave was as cheap as buying a double of noodles. since lots of copies could be made and still look great, people started making piles of money. *the great wave was inexpensive to purchase, costing about the same as a double of noodles. since mass quantities could be produced and still look exquisite, it became highly profitable to sell. *the great wave cost next to nothing, practically the same as a double of noodles. since mass quantities could be produced and still look awesome, it became highly profitable to sell. *the great wave was inexpensive to purchase, similar to buying a double of noodles. since lots of copies could be made that still looked amazing, those who sold it made tons of money.

If you receive an email then this doesn’t apply what does this mean?

Armed with invisible ink, a cipher system, and a passion to end the war and preserve the union, elizabeth van lew became butler's eyes and ears in the confederate capital city. truth be told, however, she became much more than that. she became a spymaster, the person responsible for running a network of agents, couriers, and safe houses that was very active during the war. in addition to the spying, elizabeth van lew continued to maintain her church hill home as a safe house and something of a local union spy headquarters. —the dark game, paul janeczko what is the central idea of this passage? van lew’s home was used as a safe house, which was critical to the confederacy. van lew had a passion to end the war and preserve the union. van lew was a spymaster, a leading force in the espionage activities for the union. van lew did not enjoy working for general butler.