Why is A incorrect and how is C the answer to this question?

Read the excerpt from "politics and the english language" by george orwell. by this morning’s post i have received a pamphlet dealing with conditions in germany. the author tells me that he "felt impelled” to write it. i open it at random, and here is almost the first sentence that i see: "[the allies] have an opportunity not only of achieving a radical transformation of germany’s social and political structure in such a way as to avoid a nationalistic reaction in germany itself, but at the same time of laying the foundations of a cooperative and unified europe.” which statement is correct? orwell uses an example and statistical evidence in this excerpt. orwell uses an example and a quotation for evidence in this excerpt. orwell uses hypothetical and factual evidence in this excerpt. orwell uses hypothetical and statistical evidence in this excerpt.

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of the prince. there are, for example, the spartans and the romans. the spartans held athens and thebes, establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost them. the romans, in order to hold capua, carthage, and numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. they wished to hold greece as the spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. so to hold it they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. and he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. and whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name or their privileges unless they are disunited or dispersed, but at every chance they immediately rally to them, as pisa after the hundred years she had been held in bondage by the florentines. what idea is stressed in the passage? the desire for liberty the establishment of an oligarchy the dismantling of an acquired state the tendency toward rebellion

The question below refers to the selection “ozymandias” by percy bysshe shelley. the traveler seems to believe that — a. monuments are eternal b. the passage of time is necessary and inevitable c. we must preserve relics of past civilizations d. even the greatest works are destroyed by time