If an article is biased it shows a. an unfair preference for or dislike of something

b. a lack of education on the part of the writer

c. a lack of seriousness on the part of the writer

d. poor research or writing skills

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."

what are the options?