Which excerpt from The Riddle of the Rosetta Stone shows a cause-and-effect relationship? “The group traveled up the Nile in two boats, stopping along the way to copy inscriptions on temples and monuments.”
“A few experts challenged Champollion's methods and clung to the notion that the hieroglyphs had a purely symbolic meaning.”
“Scribes generally used the hieratic form when they were writing on papyrus, and hieroglyphs when they were carving inscriptions in plaster or limestone.”
“Once they had mastered the three kinds of Egyptian writing, nineteenth-century scholars had the key to more than three thousand years of Egyptian history.”

The cause-and-effect relationship is a type of relationship where one thing or event makes another one happen. The first thing/event is referred to as the cause, and its consequence is the effect.

The excerpt from The Riddle of the Rosetta Stone that shows this relationship is the fourth one: Once they had mastered the three kinds of Egyptian writing, nineteenth-century scholars had the key to more than three thousand years of Egyptian history.

We have two events - the 19th-century scholars mastering the three kinds of Egyptian writing, and them having the key to more than three thousand years of Egyptian history. The former is the cause of the latter: if they didn't master Egyptian writing, they wouldn't know that much about Egyptian history.

Explanation:

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)