How does the section “Changing Plants Isn’t New” develop the authors’ claims about genetic alteration?

In the communication breakdown section, michael b. green learned that "a red rag" or a had nothing to do with the internal makeup of the person who was wearing it.

In which sentence is the action arrow pointing in the correct direction? < ––––– tia shopped at the mall for a pair of shoes. ––––––> tia shopped at the mall for a pair of shoes.

In this passage the character of ethan frome is revealed to be