"It was a mistake, leaving on this sinking coffin" is an example of which type of figurative language?

Metaphor.

Explanation:

Figurative languages are the words that writers use to convey meanings to their works through the use of unconventional words. These elements of writing provide colorful clarity with a much clearer detail in presenting the work.

In the given expression of using the phrase "sinking coffin" from "Refugee" by Alan Gratz, we can say that this is a metaphor. Metaphors are used to compare between things or events without the use of comparison words such as "like" or "as". And in saying that "it was a mistake, leaving on this sinking coffin", Lito compares the overcrowded boat to a coffin, an image of death.

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."