Read the excerpt from Chapter 2 of Wheels of Change. Dr. Benjamin Ward Richardson of Great Britain, a big fan of the wheel, nevertheless summarized its pitfalls in his 1895 article "What To Avoid in Cycling." Among those pitfalls were several dangers that resulted from "teaching the practice to subjects who are too young." Richardson believed serious riding should not be done by males or females until the skeleton was completely matured, which he said happened around age 21.

What is the author’s most likely purpose in presenting Dr. Richardson’s research?

to persuade young readers to avoid riding bicycles until they are older
to entertain readers with a story about a doctor who was against cycling
to inform readers about one reason why cycling was controversial in the 1800s
to emphasize that the advantages of cycling are not worth the risks

Read the passage from a doll’s house. helmer: what are little people called that are always wasting money? nora: spendthrifts—i know. let us do as you suggest, torvald, and then i shall have time to think what i am most in want of. that is a very sensible plan, isn't it? helmer: [smiling] indeed it is—that is to say, if you were really to save out of the money i give you, and then really buy something for yourself. but if you spend it all on the housekeeping and any number of unnecessary things, then i merely have to pay up again. nora: oh but, torvald— helmer: you can't deny it, my dear little nora. [puts his arm round her waist.] it's a sweet little spendthrift, but she uses up a deal of money. one would hardly believe how expensive such little persons are! nora: it's a shame to say that. i do really save all i can. helmer: [laughing] that's very true,—all you can. but you can't save anything! nora: [smiling quietly and happily] you haven't any idea how many expenses we skylarks and squirrels have, torvald. based on this passage, which statement is the best inference about torvald’s character? he thinks that nora is keeping secrets from him and chides her for lying. he is not very generous and does not want nora to spend money. he loves his wife, but he treats her like a child rather than an adult. he does not know nora well enough to know what to buy her.